The Cause and Effects of Acid Mine Drainage - 1699 Words

The Cause and Effects of Acid Mine Drainage INTRODUCTION Imagine going fishing on a cool Autumn day, the trees are all different shades of orange, brown and red and the birds are singing their beautiful songs, but their is a serious problem because when you arrive at the river all plant and animal life are gone. This is by no means a recent phenomenon. This is due to the effects of acid rock drainage (ARD). This is a problem that has been occurring since ancient times, but it was not until the 1800s when fast growing industrialization and heavy mining that it caught a lot of attention. Acid rock drainage is the term used to describe leachate, seepage, or drainage that has been affected by the natural oxidation of sulfur minerals†¦show more content†¦These differences are due to the sources of acid in different ecosystems. A buffer, as we learned in class, is a compound that tends to maintain the pH of a solution over a narrow range as small amounts of acid or base are added.(Rhankin 1996) This is also a substance that can a lso be either an acid or a base. A low pH has a lot of bad effects on the bicarbonate buffering system.(Kelly 1988) At low pH solutions carbonate and bicarbonate are changed over to carbonic acid and then on to water and carbon dioxide. Because of this water looses its ability to buffer the pH of the water and plants in and around the water that use the bicarbonate in the process of photosynthesis. Another effect of low pH is the increase in the rate of the decomposition of clay minerals and carbonates, releasing toxic metals such as aluminum and silica. Ironically however, Aluminum silicates can aid in the buffering of pH. HEAVY METALS The presence of high concentrations of heavy metals from acid mine drainage is just as much a threat to the environment as acidity is. When sulfide is oxidized, heavy metal ions are released into the water. The key concept in this case is the specialization of the metal distinguishes between ‘ filterable and ‘particulate fraction of a metal.(Kelly 1988) Filterable means that particles can be trapped by a filter. The particulate fraction of the metal includes solid minerals, crystals, and metals that set up intoShow MoreRelated The Cause And Effects Of Acid Mine Drainage Essay1712 Words   |  7 Pages The Cause and Effects of Acid Mine Drainage INTRODUCTION nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Imagine going fishing on a cool Autumn day, the trees are all different shades of orange, brown and red and the birds are singing their beautiful songs, but their is a serious problem because when you arrive at the river all plant and animal life are gone. This is by no means a recent phenomenon. This is due to the effects of acid rock drainage (ARD). This is a problem that has been occurring since ancientRead MoreEffects Of Mining On The Environment1133 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Mining Yu Bo Introduction The effects of mining to the environment include formation of sinkholes, erosion and sedimentation, groundwater, loss of biodiversity or habitat modification, soil contamination, surface water by mining chemicals, acid mine drainage creation, fugitive dust emissions, release of cyanide and other chemicals (International Atomic Energy Agency 2005). At times, additional forest cataloguing takes place in the surrounding area of mines so as to enlarge the room availableRead MoreMining and The Environment Essay examples1311 Words   |  6 Pageshave occurred. History and Case Studies of Mining and the Effects on the Environment Mines pose a threat to the environment. They can degrade soil and water quality if left untreated. The United States Environmental protection Agency (USEPA)s Region 9 assessment of state data states that there are approximately 420,000 abandoned mines in the states of California, Arizona, and Nevada with 13,242 of them being considered abandoned mines with potential environmental hazard (arizona.edu, 2008).Read MoreThe Effects Of Coal Ash On The Health Of Water Systems1571 Words   |  7 Pagesproblem. Coal ash possesses unique chemical properties that allow for the remediation of other environmental concerns, such as the treatment of soil polluted with heavy metals, the removal of nutrients from wastewater, and the remediation of acid mine drainage in streams. Coal ash is known to contain a number of different toxic metals, the exact content dependent upon the coal it is formed from. Containing this potential pollution hazard is an expensive problem, as approximately 75% of all ash generatedRead MoreEnvironmental Issues of Coal Mining1728 Words   |  7 Pagesassociated activities are carried out in underground and opencast mines. Mining operations damage the environment and ecology to an unacceptable degree, unless carefully planned and controlled. There is a need for balance between mining and environmental requirements. The various impacts of mining on environment and their mitigation measures are as follows: (I) Impact of Mining on Air Quality Air pollution in mines is mainly due to the fugitive emissions of particulate matter and Read MoreThe Impact Of Marine Pollution On Our Environment1530 Words   |  7 Pageshas on our environment There is two different types of pollution Nonpoint source pollution and Point source pollution. Firstly what is Nonpoint source pollution? Nonpoint source pollution are from land runoff, precipitation, atmospheric deposition, drainage, seepage or hydrologic modification.Agriculture, urban runoff, runoff from mining, and construction sites, are all examples of Nonpoint source pollution (â€Å"Pollution Issues†). The pollution is caused by the rainfall and snowmelt moving through orRead MoreMining Can Cause Great Damages to the Environment Essay845 Words   |  4 PagesMining can cause varying amounts of damage at all stages due to different aspects of the mining project, such as the type of ore, the technology, methods and on-site processes used as well as how sensitive the local environment is. Mining effects not only the local physical aspects it can also lead to air, land and water contamination. Damage can be caused during exploration of the minerals in the soils as ground work involves bore holes, transect lines, excavation pits and support equipment canRead MoreThe Economic Contribution From Iron Ore Mining Industry1319 Words   |  6 Pagesfor the extensive damage it causes to the environment? Iron ores, like many other materials, must be mined from the earth before they can be processed and converted into usable products such as steel. In 2009, as the world’s leading exporter of iron, Australia traded 362 tonnes of iron ore, of varying compositions, at a value of $30 billion. (Geoscience Australia, n.d.) In Australia, iron ore mining is conducted in what are known as ‘open-cut’ mines, meaning that the mines are pits along the surfaceRead MoreResearch Aspects Of Water Quality1818 Words   |  8 PagesPurpose of the Report The purpose of this investigation is to research aspects of water quality such as guidelines for water quality, water quality parameters, contaminants that effect water quality, water quality tests and catchment area influences. Samples from the Dee River, from above and below the former Mount Morgan mine site, will be tested and compared in terms of pH level, conductivity and water hardness. The links that exist between pH levels and water hardness will also be investigated. TheseRead MoreWater Quality Of The Mine Drainage Running Into The Afon Goch North998 Words   |  4 Pagesthe water quality of the mine drainage running into the Afon Goch North has meant that any remediation system must be multi-staged. Furthermore, the unique characteristics of the mine and the heavily polluted water requires an exclusive method of mediation. The treatment system outlined uses passive systems that require relatively little maintainence and have low running costs in order to be used as a long term solution to the pollution being produced. Extending the Mine Adit 　　Initially, the hillside

List Of Figures And Functions Requirements - 3246 Words

List of Figures Figure Number Figure Figure 1 Number of recruiting studies and percentage Figure 2 Clinical Trials Figure 3 MediData Figure 4 Mongo DB Figure 5 Word Cloud Figure 6 Search results Figure 7 Google Charts Figure 8 State of Art Figure 9 center watch website Figure 10 FDA website Figure 11 National Library of Medicine Figure 12 Clinical Trials website Figure 13 Mediate website Figure 14 PERT Chart Figure 15 Agile Software Development Figure 16 Architecture Design Figure 17 Use case Diagram Figure 18 Database Design Figure 19 Periodic update of database Figure 20 Connectivity Interface Diagram Figure 21 User interaction flow diagram Figure 22 UI Mockup Figure 23 Component diagram Figure 24 Test plan cycle Figure 25 Testing with†¦show more content†¦Millions of researches are being carried out across the world. Hence the scope is very limited for a person/organization to follow all the studies going on. Even if you track a study, it becomes a real problem to analyze data that is being updated continuously on that trial. Apart from this problem, there are many other obstacles like inaccurate results in search of a particular medical problem and even if you do find accurate results, it becomes hard to put all information at one place retrieved from various sources. In order to overcome the above problems, we are developing a one-stop clinical trials user-friendly application that addresses all the related problems. In addition, we plan on providing a platform for business users to analyze the stocks of the companies that are conducting the clinical trials. Business users can benefit by making use of these analyses to make right choice before investing on a stock. When a company starts the research on any disease, its stock prices see a change relative to this research. If the research seems useful and helpful for the society, it grabs the attention of the investors thereby, increases the stock prices of that firm. This analysis is carried out in this project. 1.2 Problem and motivation There are numerous clinical trials being conducted around the world every day. In spite of the technological advances like Internet,

The Greeks and Achilles Free Essays

The opening of Virgil’s epic [â€Å"I sing of warfare and a man of war† or â€Å" I sing of arms and of the man†] is a skillful allusion to Homer’s Iliad [â€Å"Rage—Goddess, sing the rage of Peleus’ son Achilles†]. Both rely on nouns. Discuss how the two interact in both works. We will write a custom essay sample on The Greeks and Achilles or any similar topic only for you Order Now Just as Homer used the first lines of the Iliad and Odyssey to announce the main themes of those poems, Virgil presents the two main themes of the Aeneid in the first line. What are these two central themes? In The Aeneid, Virgil’s first two lines â€Å"I sing of warfare and a man at war. / He came to Italy by destiny. † Like with Homer’s The Iliad and The Odyssey, Virgil’s central theme for The Aeneid is war, though in a vastly different light than that of Homer’s two epics. With Aeneid, the central character Aeneas fleas Troy during a darkened time for his native city, when it is being ravaged in a war between the Greeks and Achilles. The line He came to Italy by destiny tells me that The Aeneid’s focus is central to fate and destiny and how so many people during this time put a lot of their energy believing in, and raging wars in the name of both. What universal force is responsible for Aeneas’s sufferings as an exile (see line 3)? In accordance with this universal force, what is the purpose of his sufferings? Land and sea are what are responsibile for Aeneas sufferings as an exile while he made the journey from Troy to Italy. Aeneas’ suffering was at the hands of Juno, who was angry that with Aeneas’ arrival into Carthage meant that the fate of her most favorite city would soon be teasted when the war made it’s way from his beloved Troy, where he was fleeing from, to Carthage. Explain the reasons for Juno’s hatred of the Trojans. Juno’s hatred towards the other Trojan’s was because the arrival of another Trojan, Paris, voted in a beauty contest against Juno, a contest that she ended up losing. Compare and contrast Homer’s description of the shield of Achilles in the Iliad (XVIII. 572ff. ) with Virgil’s description of the shield of Aeneas in the Aeneid (VIII. 24ff. ). Both Aeneas and Achilles are given shields that help to defend against their enemies. With Aeneas, he is given a shield to help protect Rome from an invasion, whereas Achilles is given a shield to face off and carry out his revenge against Hector. Both similar in their uses are vastly different in design. For Achilles, his holds engravings of common life during his time. How to cite The Greeks and Achilles, Essay examples

Walt Disney Entertainment Essay Sample free essay sample

1. Why had The Walt Disney Company been so successful? What specific cardinal success factors did it reference for the focal industries in which it operated? The mean lifetime of an S A ; P 500 company is about 15 old ages. At the clip of this article. Disney was nearing 78 old ages of operations. Although it was non ever a smooth drive. The Walt Disney Company has been extremely successful at diversifying while keeping. and capitalising on. the Disney trade name and civilization that Walt Disney started when he moved to Hollywood in 1923. While it was non ever the primary income watercourse. the bosom and psyche of The Walt Disney Company was the studio amusement concern line. Get downing as a characteristic life studio. Disney evolved and grew into a live-action gesture image. place picture. telecasting production. music production. and distribution concern. The cardinal success factors in this concern line were chiefly intangible resources. The trade name equity associated with the Disney label became a family name overnight. This. along with a healthy civilization. attracted the cognition and human capital necessary to diversify into farther studio amusement ventures and reenforce their nucleus competence of supplying both household and modern-day amusement at a comparatively low cost. In add-on to studio amusement. Walt Disney envisioned finishs that would supply enjoyment for the full household. This vision materialized into subject Parkss all around the universe. The cardinal success factors to the subject Parkss and resorts started with amusement focused around the Disney trade name. It besides involved touchable resources such as geographic location and land in finishs in Europe. Asia. and both seashores of the United States. By roll uping big secret plans of land. Disney was able to make an environment that promoted the trade name and created extra value to their other concern lines making a competitory advantage over its rivals at other amusement Parkss. Once Disney became a family name. it seemed merely natural to add consumer merchandises to farther advance the trade name. The cardinal success factor to this venture involved non merely the intangible resources of trade name equity and repute. but to boot the touchable resource of direct retail distribution through The Disney Stores. Disney’s priceless resources were non the lone cardinal success factors that led to their success. Their capablenesss allowed them to capitalise on these resources and strategically deploy them to other ventures. This was accomplished through synergism and cross-promotion among concerns. As a diversified company. Disney’s assorted concerns were able to profit in their specific industry by the success of complementary concern lines within The Walt Disney Company. 2. What did Michael Eisner do to rejuvenate Disney? Specifically. how did he increase net income in his first four old ages? When Michael Eisner took over as CEO in 1984. Disney was in the thick of what appeared to be a decennary of convulsion. While passing a great trade of money on constructing subject Parkss in California. Florida. and Tokyo. Disney neglected its movie division which had made the company so successful in old ages past. After narrowly hedging corporate plunderers trusting to neutralize the company. Eisner emerged and set forth a program to construct on the already established Disney trade name while still â€Å"preserving the corporate values of quality. creativeness. entrepreneurship. and teamwork† . Eisner leveraged the repute and trade name equity associated with Disney and expanded the company without abandoning the rich history and civilization that consumers had come to love. In 1984. Disney’s portion of the box office was 4 % and they were coming away of a twelvemonth with negative runing income from their movie studio. Eisner recruited two executives from other movi e studios. created the Touchstone label. and became the market leader ( 19 % portion box office ) in merely a few old ages by accommodating to consumer penchants and aiming an older modern-day audience. Disney was non merely let go ofing a greater figure of movies ; they were let go ofing profitable movies in an industry that was prone to losing money on a bulk of movies released. While an norm of 40 % of all movies in the industry turned a net income. Disney made money off 82 % of the first 33 movies released after Eisner’s reaching. This was accomplished in portion by his scheme to bring forth reasonably budgeted movies with high quality books. Additionally. by aiming an older audience. Disney was able to open doors for farther enlargement. In 1988. Disney’s movie studio brought in over $ 1 billion compared to merely $ 165 million four old ages before. Despite the concentration on studio growing. Disney neer lost focal point on developing both the touchable and intangible resources they already had in topographic point. For the subject Parks. Eisner instituted attendance-building schemes such as telecasting ads and media broadcast events. Even after boosting up ticket monetary values. consumers still felt they were having value for their money at Disney subject Parkss. This shows that Disney’s distinction scheme was effectual in bring forthing greater value than other amusement Parkss around the state. Those enterprises allowed Disney to acknowledge 1988 subject park grosss at twice the sum from 1984. While all the old illustrations consisted of touchable resources. there was an overarching intangible resource that Eisner capitalized on to guarantee success and increase net income. With the big growing throughout the assorted concern units. Eisner felt that coordination was necessary among the divisions. He strengthened the civilization by keeping company-wide meetings that generated new thoughts and â€Å"built committedness and exhilaration for the year’s theme† . With the enl argements and direction schemes instituted by Michael Eisner. The Walt Disney Company recorded a net income of $ 522 million in 1988 ; a amount that dwarfed their 1984 net income by over 500 % .